A Study on How Macro Environment Affect the Business free essay sample

The spending aircraft that doesn't have seat designation upon registration would experience an enormous gathering of traveler lining up even before the loading up time. This is because of Singaporean are not used to the social of spending aircraft. Today, explorers are progressively open to change and the shoppers see lesser hazard when going on spending carrier. 4. 3Economic Environment 4. 3. 1Lindgren et al (1995, pg 41) expressed monetary condition extraordinarily influences both a firm’s promoting exercises and consumers’ buying choices. During the downturn, occasion producers have gotten increasingly wary on what they are spending.Many had decided to go for less expensive charge as they become more cost cognizant and need to receive best an incentive in return. 4. 3. 2Despite the financial emergency, many occasion producers have turned up at the ongoing three-day National Association of Travel Agents (NATAS) venture out reasonable for mind the best deal they could get. Nonetheless, with the high fuel value, Asians who love to venture out will decide to make shorter excursions to closer goal. We will compose a custom paper test on A Study on How Macro Environment Affect the Business or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Going on spending transporters that is working inside the area is one of the choices to look over. Customer spending designs has change as they are investigating other alternative.With a large portion of the cost paid for full help transporters, many discover they can venture out to a similar goal on spending carrier. Free dinners, seat choice are not as significant any longer. 4. 3. 3Holiday producers arranging trips ahead of time may have the option to profit in the event that they figured out how to get the most reduced accessible rate. The organization will reliably run advancements to keep voyagers energized and keep on going with them. Going during off-top season help the carrier in keeping up their traveler load. During this economy downturn, numerous little and center ventures are likewise investigating cutting voyaging budgets.Business voyager has been mentioned to go on spending aircraft rather than the typical full help bearers to spare expense. 4. 4Political Environment 4. 4. 1Bradley (1995, pg 172) expressed advancement of market is enormously affected by legislative issues and financial aspects. It comprises of law and government rules which influence the proficiency of showcasing. 4. 4. 2Singapore is a political stable nation, be that as it may, in the carrier business this is a significant factor as the aircraft needs to get passage to another nation to extend its system. The agreements known as Bilateral Air Service Agreements (ASAs) are typically haggled by the government.Once the two gatherings had agreed, they will sign the ASAs and aircraft would be capable beginning activity. In the event that the two gatherings couldn't agree, working between the nations would not be conceivable. For instance, Jetstar Asia’s any desire for picking up the passage into the rewarding Indonesia advertise was decreased because of a current protectionism strategy set up. This restricted minimal effort bearers of Singapore and Indonesia from including more flights. (Rochfort, 2005) thus, Jetstar Asia couldn't work its airplane into the four urban areas where its sister carrier Valuair work to.They can possibly utilize Singapore possessed Valuair airplane in the event that they wish to proceed with the activity among Singapore and Indonesia. 4. 5Technological Environment 4. 5. 1According to Bradley (1995, pg 181) innovative condition influences showcasing in various ways, by accelerating business exchanges and making them increasingly effective, and by giving the premise to gauges. Innovation changes quickly, if organization don't place in cash to ceaselessly redesign its innovation, they could discover them missing new item and market openings. 4. 5. 2Budget carrier rely upon online reservation to lessen activity cost.If the site can't bolster its clients or exchanges, it could disappoint the client on the off chance that they continue experiencing page mistake or copy charge on their Visas. The new Jetstar. com will have the option to convey improved web get to and the capacity to deal with more clients and exchanges. (traveldailyasia. com, 2009) The framework substitution, which took more than a year in arranging, is a stage change in framework usefulness intended to suit Jetstar, Jetstar Asia/Valuair and Jetstar Pacific’s extending system in Australia and Asia.Surfing on the new Jetstar site, explorers would have the option to finish their air ticket and lodging reservation and buy travel protection on a similar site page. This could spare explorers time on riding distinctive site to discover convenience and correlation of movement protection. 5. 0Conclusion The above have obviously analyzed the macroenvironment and its effect that is influencing today spending aircraft industry in Singapore.The creator accepts the spending carrier will show improvement over the full help conveys for the following a year. Making a stride in front of others as the current emergency is giving chances to spending aircrafts, including pulling in more business voyagers. Etzel et al. (2004, pg 31) expressed an investigation of around 1000 huge organizations finished up associations having advance advances to screen the powers of the outer condition showed higher development and more noteworthy gainfulness contrasted with those that doesn't have the framework. The creator accepts an adjustment in any of the powers could make transforms at least one of the others in the macroenvironment as they are interrelated. Association must have the option to recognize the miniaturized scale and full scale powers that are influencing it business and create serious showcasing procedures. Armstrong et al. (2006, pg. 89) likewise expressed if the association can't distinguish the distinctive condition and its effect on the business, they could see the showcasing condition as a wild element.Rather than basically responding to it, organizations should attempt to be proactive and make the most of chances as they emerge as opposed to receptive to the advertising condition as it majorly affects both the assurance of and possible accomplishment of promoting systems. Jetstar Asia is relied upon to breakeven by 2009. Worldwide traveler traffic in the Asia-Pacific locale are relied upon to expand a normal of 6. 8 percent a year to 2009, Jetstar Asia ought to have the option to profit as monetary development in the area helps interest for movement.

Cherokee Indians Essay examples -- essays research papers fc

Cherokee Nation Before attack of the Americans onto Cherokee region, the Cherokee lived in harmony and agreement. Keetoowah is the name of the old Cherokee town in the eastern countries, said to be the â€Å"Mother Town† of the individuals (Conley 18). A significant number of the Cherokee Indians started here as per the conventions. They alluded themselves as Ani-Kituwagi, which means Keetoowah People, or Ani-yunwi-ya, the Real People (Conley 27). The prolific terrains of the Keetoowah were filled of numerous assets, yet as the populace became unreasonably huge for the town, numerous individuals had moved out and manufactured new towns. Extra time, numerous towns were assembled in a steady progression. Before long, there were around 200 dissipated clans over tremendous territories that comprised of various politically autonomous clans contained a war boss and harmony boss as there government (King 95). Every clan was politically autonomous because of the reality they didn’t need a grou nd-breaking focal government; the possibility that any one individual had preeminent force. In this way, clans were held together by a typical culture, language, and convention.      Tradition assumed a significant job in Cherokee factions. It verified components of a culture from age to age were passed down. For example, the customary matrilineal Cherokee family structure, which implies plunge, is followed through the female line (Conley 24). The youngsters had a place with the mother and her family tribe. There was no relatedness with the dad and he’s family tribe. This family structure gave a protected and secure condition for ladies and youngsters. Likewise, it implied the man lived in the wife’s house, encompassed by her clan’s individuals, so he would not set out to manhandle her except if he needed an inborn beating. Ladies were to a great extent fused into the clans. Not exclusively was she the leader of her area with commonly regarded force and authority, she had equivalent state in the issues of war and harmony. She was additionally accountable for the family unit and sustenance of her family (Lehochy). The ladies wer e engaged with numerous elements of every day life. It appears as though the ladies were the clan, yet not for long.      Years after the main American contact, European dealers living among would wed Cherokee ladies. European dealers couldn't acknowledge that reality of following drop through the female line, yet gradually the faction framework surrendered to the European... ...despair. After the main experiences with Americans, the Cherokee Nation was falling apart. For example, Cherokee family structures were changing, tremendous measures of terrains were being surrendered to Americans, and Cherokee Indians were constrained from their territories. Extra time, this steady working on the Cherokee Nation, lead to the last Indian expulsion from countries and the end of the Cherokee Nation in southeastern United States. Works Cited â€Å"Aspect of Cherokee Women’s Social, Domestic, and Political Roles.† Lehochy, Wather. 11 Oct. 2004 . â€Å"Cherokee.† 10 Oct. 2004 . â€Å"Cherokee Messenger.† Vhenrichs@earthlink.net. 10 Oct. 2004 Conley, Robert, J. Cherokee. Portland: Graphic Arts Center Publishing Co., 2002. â€Å"Early Tennessee History and Cherokee History.† Smith, Ray. 11 Oct. 2004 . Ehle, John. Trail of Tears. New York: Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., 1925. â€Å"History of the Cherokee.† Martin, Ken. Admin@cherokeehistory.com. 10 Oct. 2004 . Ruler, Duane, H. The Cherokee Indian Nation. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 1979. â€Å"Trail of Tears.† Carrielynn1970@iwon.com. 10 Oct. 2004 http://home.bellsouth.net/p/s/community.dll?ep=16&groupid=104393&ck=/. Cherokee Indians Essay models - expositions explore papers fc Cherokee Nation Before attack of the Americans onto Cherokee domain, the Cherokee lived in harmony and concordance. Keetoowah is the name of the old Cherokee town in the eastern countries, said to be the â€Å"Mother Town† of the individuals (Conley 18). A large number of the Cherokee Indians started here as indicated by the conventions. They alluded themselves as Ani-Kituwagi, which means Keetoowah People, or Ani-yunwi-ya, the Real People (Conley 27). The ripe terrains of the Keetoowah were filled of numerous assets, yet as the populace became unreasonably enormous for the town, numerous individuals had moved out and constructed new towns. Additional time, numerous towns were constructed in a steady progression. Before long, there were around 200 dissipated clans over huge territories that comprised of various politically autonomous clans contained a war boss and harmony boss as there government (King 95). Every clan was politically autonomous because of the reality they didn’t need a n amazing focal government; the possibility that any one individual had preeminent force. Accordingly, clans were held together by a typical culture, language, and convention.      Tradition assumed a significant job in Cherokee groups. It verified components of a culture from age to age were passed down. For example, the conventional matrilineal Cherokee family structure, which implies plunge, is followed through the female line (Conley 24). The youngsters had a place with the mother and her family faction. There was no relatedness with the dad and he’s family tribe. This family structure gave a sheltered and secure condition for ladies and youngsters. Likewise, it implied the man lived in the wife’s house, encompassed by her clan’s individuals, so he would not set out to mishandle her except if he needed an inborn beating. Ladies were generally consolidated into the clans. Not exclusively was she the leader of her area with commonly regarded force and authority, she had equivalent state in the undertakings of war and harmony. She was likewise responsible for the family and sustenance of her family (Lehochy). The ladies were engaged with numerous elements of day by day life. It appears as though the ladies were the clan, however not for long.      Years after the primary American contact, European dealers living among would wed Cherokee ladies. European brokers couldn't acknowledge that reality of following plummet through the female line, yet gradually the tribe framework surrendered to the European... ...despair. After the principal experiences with Americans, the Cherokee Nation was weakening. For example, Cherokee family structures were changing, immense measures of terrains were being surrendered to Americans, and Cherokee Indians were constrained from their territories. Extra time, this steady working on the Cherokee Nation, lead to the last Indian expulsion from countries and the death of the Cherokee Nation in southeastern United States. Works Cited â€Å"Aspect of Cherokee Women’s Social, Domestic, and Political Roles.† Lehochy, Wather. 11 Oct. 2004 . â€Å"Cherokee.† 10 Oct. 2004 . â€Å"Cherokee Messenger.† Vhenrichs@earthlink.net. 10 Oct. 2004 Conley, Robert, J. Cherokee. Portland: Graphic Arts Center Publishing Co., 2002. â€Å"Early Tennessee History and Cherokee History.† Smith, Ray. 11 Oct. 2004 . Ehle, John. Trail of Tears. New York: Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., 1925. â€Å"History of the Cherokee.† Martin, Ken. Admin@cherokeehistory.com. 10 Oct. 2004 . Lord, Duane, H. The Cherokee Indian Nation. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 1979. â€Å"Trail of Tears.† Carrielynn1970@iwon.com. 10 Oct. 2004 http://home.bellsouth.net/p/s/community.dll?ep=16&groupid=104393&ck=/.

It Is Better to Have Tried and Failed, Than Not to Have Tried at All Essay Example

It Is Better to Have Tried and Failed, Than Not to Have Tried at All Essay â€Å"It is smarter to have attempted and fizzled, than not to have attempted by any means. † Do you concur? At the point when one attempts and falls flat, one has increased more information than the person who has not attempted by any means. The individual who has attempted, will rather have a more noteworthy comprehension over the person who has not. In any case, that individual more likely than not attempted his best all together for this announcement to be appropriate. Hence, I concur with this announcement given that the individual has attempted his best. Right off the bat, during the time spent learning as we grow up, we face various hindrances and difficulties as we move in the direction of our objective or dream. During these seasons of trouble, we will in general halt abruptly. Very few individuals would keep persisting and push ahead to do their worst. Regardless of whether we bomb subsequent to attempting, we would have the option to understand the slip-ups that we have made. When contrasted with not in any event, attempting by any means, bombing will profit us so that we can continue developing ourselves to turn out to be better. So, we will have the option to gain from the errors that we made the first occasion when we attempted and bombed Secondly, not attempting at all will leave you with more noteworthy second thoughts than trying and falling flat. We will compose a custom paper test on It Is Better to Have Tried and Failed, Than Not to Have Tried at All explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on It Is Better to Have Tried and Failed, Than Not to Have Tried at All explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on It Is Better to Have Tried and Failed, Than Not to Have Tried at All explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer At the point when you become more seasoned, the measure of disappointments for not attempting would accumulate. As you recollect into your past, those second thoughts could have really transformed into important encounters. In any event when you attempt, you achieve new information which will help in your future undertakings. The information and experience you experienced could mean the distinction between tasting the pleasantness of progress, or the unpleasant taste of disappointment. In actuality, In certain conditions, it is better not to attempt if the final product is self-evident. For instance, it is a purposeless endeavor to attempt to charm a young lady that doesn't care for you consequently. For this situation, attempting to do so will simply prompt debacle. Also, you may wind up losing a companion, humiliating yourself and perhaps giving her distress. In some cases an opportunity is never an opportunity and you ought not try to have a go at realizing that the result will be a negative one which will make the two gatherings endure. Thirdly, disappointment is the mother of achievement. Ask any effective individual you know whether they have encountered disappointments, and they will answer you with a gesture of the head or a resonating yes. To be sure, the way to progress is filled with disappointments and mishaps, however the individuals who can remain back up and gain from these encounters are the ones who will be ensured achievement. The world well known Thomas Edison needed to attempt one thousand times before effectively creating the light. One of his axioms include,† I have not bombed a thousand times yet rather have discovered a thousand different ways that don't work. † This idealistic and suffering disposition is something else which fruitful individuals share for all intents and purpose. Thomas Edison had the option to gain from his missteps and adequately enhance them, this is the reason he had the option to succeed. Theodore Roosevelt puts it incredibly well: Its not the pundit who tallies; Not the man who calls attention to how the resilient man falters, or where the practitioner of deeds could have improved. The credit goes to the person who is quite the field; Who endeavors valiantly; who fails and misses the mark over and over; Who knows the incredible dedications, the extraordinary enthusiasms, and spends himself in a worthwhile motivation. Who, at the best, knows at long last the triumph of high accomplishment; and, best case scenario, on the off chance that he flops in any event he comes up short while brave enormously; with the goal that his place will never be among those tentative and cold spirits who know neither triumph nor rout. Life is an unavoidable outcome, and everything that one individual does may not really mean achievement, yet it is sure that various encounters will get various advantages. These encounters can cut the person’s character and mentality to a superior in dividual as they proceed ahead and gain from their own errors. To adjust, disappointments will give an individual encounter and an individual who doesn't attempt won't gain these encounters by any stretch of the imagination. In this way, it is smarter to have attempted and fizzled, than not to have attempted by any stretch of the imagination.

Kansas Experiment free essay sample

The three degrees of law implementation is the nearby offices, the state organizations, and the national government offices. There is numerous jobs where the neighborhood organizations partake in every day, these obligations and duties are separated into various jobs. The nearby law implementation offices give routine watch to the network inside their Jurisdiction, give crisis administrations, look after strings, maintain traffic authorization laws, lead criminal examination, arranging and investigation, look after property, keep inside spending plan, give research center or legal examination, make motivation, and much more.The state law requirement offices have various jobs also. The state police are accountable for keeping the state thruways, provincial territories, and different zones that are situated in their state safe. They are additionally responsible for keeping engine vehicles assessed per U. S guideline, and they additionally draft criminal examinations, advertising and network activities. The contrast among neighborhood and state law implementation offices is their asset, their staff, Gratification, and some of the time their cases financial plan. We will compose a custom paper test on Kansas Experiment or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The government law implementation organizations work with particular kinds of violations. Three of the most notable organizations are the Federal Bureau of examinations, United States Marshal Service, and the United States Border Patrol. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is answerable for eight significant criminal examinations which incorporate counterterrorism, counterintelligence, digital wrongdoing, open defilement, social liberties, sorted out wrongdoing, desk wrongdoing, and significant burglaries or rough violations.

Where to Buy Parchment Paper For Writing

Where to Buy Parchment Paper For WritingWhere to buy parchment paper for writing is one of the biggest questions that a beginner may have. The thing is, parchment paper is cheap and very useful for the beginner in school, writing books, or for things like notes for an assignment or for a school project.Paper comes in sheets, which are called quires. There are two types of parchment - wet and dry. Neither type is better than the other; they are just different.Wet paper is made by pouring ink into a container and leaving it to set overnight. When the next morning you wash the paper, it still looks as if it has ink on it.Dry paper is mixed with a binding agent that makes it stick together. It also prevents the pages from getting too hot or too cold. It's possible to use it with both ink and marker pens. It's important that you read the instructions thoroughly when buying paper for writing purposes.It's a good idea to buy paper for writing on so that you don't get a paper that has no ink in it. It's easy to do this if you buy it in bulk. You can't expect the paper to hold ink forever, though.You should keep the paper sealed when it's still wet. Place it in a sealed box, to prevent air from reaching it. When it's dry, open it up, but put the lid on.You want to keep the paper in its sticky part so that it doesn't fall apart when you're trying to write on it. Take the time to learn how to write properly on paper and you'll get better at it over time.Where to buy parchment paper for writing should be easy to find, if you take some time to shop around. You can find this type of paper in a variety of stores, including discount stores, office supply stores, and arts and crafts stores.

The Practice Of Affirmative Action - Free Essay Example

For the past 40 years, the practice of Affirmative Action and the numerous programs linked to it have been continually under scrutiny.   By definition, Affirmative Action is an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; in other words it is an act of positive discrimination. As an outcome of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement, these policies were put into place to even the playing field and to promote social equality for those who have been historically disadvantaged. Specifically it is aimed at minority groups and women that have been excluded from employment and the workplace. Today, most job and school applications ask a persons race, ethnic background, gender and veteran status and that can be directly linked to the process of Affirmative Action.   Looking back to 1965, 5% of undergraduate students, 1% of law students and 2% of medical students were African American. According to the National Center on Education Statistics, in 2007, 70% of white high school students graduated and immediately enrolled in college whereas 56% of African American graduates and 61% of hispanics. There is continuous controversy over whether this policy is inconsistent with the principle of merit and in turn is reverse discrimination. The disagreement comes from both sides of the classes. The members of the protected classes, which Affirmative Action is aimed at, argue that they are believed to be less qualified and make society look down on them for being prefrientally treated. While those non-protected members feel they are passed over in favor of less qualified, more diverse candidates. The landmark case in 1978, Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, upheld certain aspects of affirmative action while also rejecting other aspects. Specifically, the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment was violated however, using race as an admissions decision was constitutional when viewed in combination with several other admission criteria. Since that case we have continued to see more and more lawsuits against college admissions.   A more recent court case that is sure to make an impact on the view of affirmative action is SFFA vs. Harvard University. In November 2014, Students for Fair Admissions, also known as SFFA, filed a lawsuit against Harvard University, claiming that the University discriminates against Asian Americans. The aim of SFFA vs. Harvard University, is to validate that white applicants are given preferential treatment over Asian Americans. While this case isnt Affirmative Action in itself, it is focusing on whether the Civil Rights Act has been violated due to discrimination. With both parties stating they will appeal to the Supreme Court, the outcome has the potential to change affirmative action and college admissions everywhere.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The two parties in this case are Harvard University as the defendant and Students for Fair Admissions as the plaintiff. The defendants will include various school administrators, with the plan of calling witnesses of Harvard alumni and students from different backgrounds. The SFFA represents a group of anonymous Asian Americans previously rejected from the university. Edward Blum, leader of the Project on Fair Representation, has taken the face of this trial to protect those who wish to stay anonymous. The plaintiff is arguing that University officials have been aware of the penalty placed on Asian Americans with their personal rating and in turn is discrimination against Asian Americans. The defendant has argued that all claims are unsupported and the admissions process has been previously upheld by the Supreme Court. When applicants apply to Harvard they are assigned a personal rating based allegedly on information collected from various sources such as teacher and guidance-counselors. The four-point scale is 1. Outstanding 2. Very Strong 3. Generally positive 4. Bland or somewhat negative or immature. The evidence entered into court showed that Asian Americans in fact were scoring much lower on the personal rating and higher on academics and extracurriculars   compared to white applicants. Adam Mortara, an attorney for SFFA, argued that University officials were aware of the penalty assigned to Asian American applicants based on Reports by Harvards Office of Institutional Research. Another smoking gun against Harvard University is their use of PSAT scores to recruit high-schoolers. Admissions documents revealed that white students received recruitment letters if they scored a 1310 or higher. Asian Americans received recruitment letters if they scored a 1350 for women, or 1380 for men. Harvard argued that their goal was to reach students where Harvard was not on their radar and they were looking for students from any background from sparse country. A study of enrollment trends for three selective schools, MIT, Harvard, and Caltech has been released by the Center for Equal Opportunity. MIT and Harvard both use racial reference during the admissions process while Caltech does not. At Caltech Asian Americans make up more than 40% of seats in a class, in comparison they make up 26% at MIT and 17% at Harvard. Applicants are no less qualified at these schools than those in California and this can be directly connected with the color blind admissions process at Caltech. To continue research on preferential admissions two sociologists from Princeton, Thomas J. Espenshade and Alexandria Radford, studied eight elite schools to determine how much better Asian Americans have to perform to be competitive. The conclusion was that Asian American applicants would need to score 140 points greater than white applicants on the SAT, 270 points higher than Hispanics, and 450 points higher than black applicants.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With all information taken into consideration SFFA has accused Harvard of racial balancing, with evidence proving that the same percentage of blacks, Hispanics, whites and Asian Americans are enrolled in each class.

American History And Its Current Setting - 927 Words

Race is a central theme in American history and its current setting. Charting back to the 17th century when slavery was introduced to the States, it provided the foundation for wealth and expansion. The racial disparity also provides support for the class system and economic disparity that still exist today. When some used the term racist or racism, the denotation suggest that they are talking on an individual level. The Oxford dictionary regards racism as an individual hate and discrimination against another race. But what about the bigger picture? Is society ignoring the systematic and power relationship racism actually stems from? The first print of the term racism was recorded in Oxford Dictionary in 1902 by Richard Henry Pratt (Demby, â€Å"The Ugly, Fascinating History Of The Word Racism†). Pratt once made a statement about the disastrous effects of racial segregation has but is often remembered for his less than accepting â€Å"Kill the Indian in him, and save the man †. Pratt has some complex and contradicting views which partly influenced the use of the word. Being a racist is seen as a fairytale villain. Only someone with radical and monstrous world views, only someone who is a nonperson could be a racist. Racism is partially a taboo topic. I say partially taboo because there are those who are willing to openly discuss race and racism but almost half (49%) of white Americans do not see unfair treatments specifically toward black Americans (Tankersley, Craighill, Clement,Show MoreRelatedAfrican American Stereotypes1256 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican American IAT George, Janel A: Stereotype and School Pushout: Race, Gender, and Discipline Disparities DESCRIPTION: George focuses on implicit bias largely in the educational sector and how that effects African Americans with the emphasis on specifically the black female. Educationally facilities tend to apply restrictions regarding disciplines on a sort of equality across the board basis; however, the failure of recognition is that this method is not effective and results in long term psychologicalRead MoreAnalysis Of A Raisin In The Sun By Lorraine Hansberry784 Words   |  4 Pagesindicates that she had always felt a need to put her life experiences in the black neighborhood in writing. In his book, she depicts in a realistic manner of the African-American life. The play portrays black characters combined with themes and conflicts naturally and realistically. A Raisin in the Sun provided a twist in the American art as it highlighted on key issues which were unfolding in the U.S in the 1950s. Despite the economic boom experienced after World War II, there was growing racial tensionRead MoreOve rview. Octavia Butler’S Kindred Focuses On The Perspective1731 Words   |  7 PagesSarah Eden Schiff’s â€Å"Recovering (from) the Double: Fiction as Historical Revision in Octavia E. Butler s Kindred† confronts the issues of prejudice and effects of slavery through fiction and freedom. Both articles take important ideals from the current society in 1976, such as feminism, and compare it to the state of the past society. Schiff’s article specifies on Butler’s use of fiction to expand the portrayal of slavery in order to give the audience a new perspective on colonialism from the oppressedRead MoreThe Role Of Advanced Practice Registered Nurse1352 Words   |  6 PagesAnesthetists, and Clinical Nurse Specialists. Certified Nurse Practitioners A Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP) must possess a current active registered nurse licensure. A CNP must finish a graduate nursing program that is accredited by National League for Nursing Accrediting commission (NLNAC) or the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). According to American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), the courses in the graduate program should contain comprehensive and advanced (1) pathophysiology/Read MoreEssence Of Post Racial America1476 Words   |  6 Pageswhich excise since the establishing of United States. About 6 years ago, after Barack Obama win the presidential election, most Americans raise the theory of â€Å"post-racial† America. According to urban-dictionary s definition: post-racial is â€Å"a term used to describe a society or time period in which discussions around race and racism have been deemed no longer relevant to current social dynamics†, â€Å"popularized after the election of Barack Obama to the presidency o f the United States of America in 2009†(Godheval)Read MorePolitical Cartoons937 Words   |  4 Pagespolitical office holders. The creator of each cartoon makes each one represent his or hers opinion about what would be currently happening at that time. This paper will show you the start of political cartoons and the role played by political cartoons in setting social agendas also it will show how they are used today. As you open the newspaper the cartoon showing the mayor with his arm around the scantily clad girl, and the caption â€Å"put it on my tab† but the tab has â€Å"city budget† on it. You chuckle a littleRead MoreMedia Effect On Public Opinion Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pagesinvention of framing media has been able to control and influence public opinion on various news stories presented. Agenda Setting The way in which media controls and sets out news coverage towards the public is with a central idea of agenda setting, by covering certain issues and ignoring others the media influence which issues are being displayed to the public. An agenda setting is presented to control and decide which news story is more important and which is not, controlling what the public is engagingRead MoreAdvanced Care Planning And Advance Directive Completion1252 Words   |  6 PagesTemplate Initial Steps for an Evidence-Based Project Project Title: Advanced Care Planning and Advance Directive Completion in the Primary Care Setting Student Name: Christina M. Young 1. Introduction: (25 to 50 words) Advanced care planning is critical element in the therapeutic alliance between healthcare team and patient in providing adequate patient-centered care, with the patient a more willing collaborator. This process provides patient, family, and caregiver with realistic expectationsRead MoreImmigration And The United States1464 Words   |  6 Pages Immigration has always been a complex issue in the United States. Previous and current administrations have had great difficulties in setting policies and programs in place to address this problem. During the course of American history, laws were enacted to address such issues. There were numerous legislative milestones in regards to immigration in the United States. In order to understand the current issues regarding immigration, we have to look back at the policies that were in placeRead MoreThe American Dream1652 Words   |  7 Pagesclassical American dream is sought after like the fountain of youth by immigrants. The history of America is sewed with different immigrant groups fleeing their own country in order for a better life in the new world. Through libertarian ideals, rights and duties guaranteed by our Constitution, the American dream, education ideals and individualization, America are still a growing country that is currently evolving based on changing ethnic and cu ltural identities. Learned Hand was an American scholar

Venezuela’s Economy Oil, Political Instability, and...

With an economy dominated by the production of oil, Venezuela has enjoyed the highest standard of living in Latin America. In spite of its success in the oil industry, agriculture and manufacturing also play important roles in Venezuela’s economy. With this in mind, it would seem as though Venezuela’s economic state has flourished. Rather, it has suffered from the effects of political influence, corruption, and poor economic management. The distribution of wealth across Venezuela has caused the elite to benefit at the cost of the working people. This is mainly due to the economic and political structure of the country. Even with the plentiful resources Venezuela possesses, it is constantly being threatened by political instability,†¦show more content†¦Compared to other Latin American countries, agriculture has had a much smaller impact on Venezuela’s economy. With the emergence of oil in the early 1900s, the agriculture sector suffered from stead y decline until the 1980s when specific programs where designed to restore agricultural production. As opposed to previous methods of deregulation, extensive government intervention seemed to be the only way to boost overall agricultural production. After the peak of agriculture production in 1989 as demonstrated in Figure 1, new governmental policies caused the continual decline of agriculture. Due to economic priorities, the agricultural sector that once accounted for 22 percent of GDP in the 1930s, now only accounts for barely 1 percent of GDP. Venezuela exports a variety of agricultural products including: corn, coffee, cocoa, sorghum, rice, tobacco, sugarcane, oilseeds, and cotton. In the 1960s, corn surpassed coffee as Venezuela’s leading crop. Despite the production decline of corn in the 1970s, production once again increased in the mid-1980s due to new agricultural policies. Before corn became the leading crop in Venezuela, major cash crops included both cocoa and coffee. These two crops dominated the economy of Venezuela in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries just after Venezuela’s independence from Spain. OverShow MoreRelatedEconomic Development Of The Black Gold2329 Words   |  10 PagesSome countries tend to grow economically quicker than others. Oil discoveries may generate confidence in economic growth at the same time could have undesirable consequences to a democracy. This paper uses data relating to economies that successively discovered oil and have been economically developed amidst the notion that natural resource is a social curse. Drivers to economic growth and implications that accompany discovery of oil to the citizens and countries that depend on these resources willRead MoreRussian Economic Overview1278 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic Overview: Although Russia is one of the BRICs’ countries; it is showing some weakness over the last years with the Euro crisis. The country suffered with economic problems that made its economy to slow the foreign demand. With the weaker foreign demand and the domestic fiscal consolidation made the output growth reduced to 3.4% in 2012. The weakness extended to 2013, with first quarter real GDP falling 1.1% from the previous period, reducing 12-month growth to 1.1%, the lowest rate sinceRead MorePetroleum Industry A Stiff Neck Competition3472 Words   |  14 PagesOil is one of the many natural resou rces on high demand. To safeguard the oil, countries’ producing it has to take caution in the exploration and the sale of their oil. This explains why some oil producing countries in such as Nigeria has found themselves in the scramble with big states like the U.S and the China, which are competing to get a share of the oil. The rush for the oil has attracted new political and economic forces, giving the petroleum industry a stiff-neck competition. Every stateRead More The War in Iraq Being an Oil Currency War Essay4124 Words   |  17 PagesThe War in Iraq Being an Oil Currency War Although completely unreported by the U.S. media and government, the answer to the Iraq enigma is simple yet shocking -- it is in large part an oil currency war. One of the core reasons for this upcoming war is this administrations goal of preventing further Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) momentum towards the euro as an oil transaction currency standard. However, in order to pre-empt OPEC, they need to gain geo-strategic controlRead MoreThe World s Highest Waterfall1864 Words   |  8 Pagescentury. The discovery of oil, in early 1900s rekindled economic recovery and by the 1920s the country ad began to reap benefits. Sadly most of the wealth remained with the ruling class, dictators. As a result of these negative trends riots swept through Caracas in the late 1980s and were violently quashed. In 1992 two coup attempts took place. As at the moment, the country s stability and future remain uncertain (InterKnowledge Corp). Current Social Conditions The economy of Venezuela is dependentRead MoreRevolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World, 1750–185010951 Words   |  44 Pageshuman society. One way of doing so was to classify and systematize knowledge; another way was to search for natural laws that was thought to underlie human affairs and to devise scientific techniques of government and social regulation. 2. John Locke argued that governments were created to protect the people; he emphasized the importance of individual rights. Jean Jacques Rousseau asserted that the will of the people was sacred; he believedRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesDavid M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral SocietiesRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesI hate you. Get out of here! b. Im sure Martin Luther King Jr. didnt die during the 1960s, because it says right here in the encyclopedia that he was assassinated in Memphis in 1998. c. The Republican Party began back in the 1850s as a U.S. political party. Abraham Lincoln was their first candidate to win the presidency. d. I don’t believe you when you say Martin Luther King Jr. could have been elected president if he hadn’t been assassinated. Try to discipline yourself to read and answer

Can You Identify the 3 Branches of Rhetoric

Rhetoric is the art of using language, such as public speaking, for persuasive writing and speech. Rhetoric often breaks down content and form by dispersing what is being said and how it is expressed. Oratory is the ability to convey a successful speech, and it is a means of performing rhetoric. The three branches of rhetoric include deliberative, judicial, and epideictic. These are defined by Aristotle in his Rhetoric (4th century B.C.) and the three branches, or genres, of rhetoric  are expanded below. Classic Rhetoric In classical rhetoric, men were taught a discipline to eloquently express themselves through ancient writers like Aristotle, Cicero, and Quintilian. Aristotle wrote the book on ​rhetoric, which focused on the art of persuasion in 1515. The five canons of rhetoric include invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery. These were determined in classic Rome by the Roman philosopher Cicero in his De Inventione. Quintilian was a Roman rhetorician and teacher who excelled in Renaissance writing. Oratory divided the three branches of genres in classical rhetoric. Deliberative oratory is considered legislative, judicial oratory translates as forensic, and epideictic oratory is deemed as ceremonial or demonstrative. Deliberative Rhetoric Deliberative rhetoric is speech or writing that attempts to persuade an audience to take (or not take) some action. Whereas judicial rhetoric is primarily concerned with past events, deliberative discourse, says Aristotle, always advises about things to come. Political oratory and debate fall under the category of deliberative rhetoric. Patricia L. Dunmire, The Rhetoric of Temporality Aristotle...lays out various principles and lines of argument for a rhetor to use in making arguments about possible futures. In short, he looks at the past as a guide to the future and at the future as a natural extension of the present (Poulakos 1984: 223). Aristotle contends that arguments for particular policies and actions should be grounded in examples from the past for we judge of future events by divination from past events (63). Rhetors are further advised to quote what has actually happened, since in most respects the future will be like what the past has been (134). Judicial Rhetoric Judicial rhetoric is speech or writing that considers the justice or injustice of a certain charge or accusation. In the modern era, judicial (or forensic) discourse is primarily employed by lawyers in trials decided by a judge or jury. George A. Kennedy, Classical Rhetoric and Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times [I]n  Greece theories of rhetoric were developed largely for speakers in the lawcourts, whereas elsewhere  judicial rhetoric is  not a major consideration; and only in Greece, and thus in western Europe, was rhetoric separated from political and ethical philosophy to form a specific discipline that became a feature of formal education. Lynee Lewis Gaillet and Michelle F. Eble, Primary Research and Writing Outside a courtroom,  judicial rhetoric is  displayed by anyone justifying past actions or decisions. In many professions and careers, decisions related to hiring and firing must be justified, and other actions must be documented in case of future disputes. Epideictic Rhetoric Epideictic rhetoric is speech or writing that praises (encomium) or blames (invective). Also known as ceremonial discourse, epideictic rhetoric includes funeral orations, obituaries, graduation and retirement speeches, letters of recommendation, and nominating speeches at political conventions. Interpreted more broadly, epideictic rhetoric may also include works of literature. Amà ©lie Oksenberg Rorty, The Directions of Aristotles Rhetoric   Superficially, at least, epideictic rhetoric is largely ceremonial: it is addressed to a general audience and directed to praising honor and virtue, censuring vice and weakness. Of course, since epideictic rhetoric has an important educative function — since praise and blame motivate as well as indicate virtue — it is also implicitly directed to the future; and its argument sometimes bridges those that are typically used for deliberative rhetoric. Sources Aristotle. Rhetoric. Dover Thrift Editions, W. Rhys Roberts, Paperback, Dover Publications, September 29, 2004. Cicero. Cicero: On Invention. The Best Kind of Orator. Topics. A. Rhetorical Treatises. Loeb Classical Library Np. 386, H. M. Hubbell, English and Latin Edition, Harvard University Press, January 1, 1949. Dunmire, Patricia. The rhetoric of temporality: The future as linguistic construct and rhetorical resource. ResearchGate, January 2008. Gaillet, Lynee Lewis. Primary Research and Writing: People, Places, and Spaces. Michelle F. Eble, 1st Edition, Routledge, August 24, 2015. Kennedy, George A. Classical Rhetoric and Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged Edition, The University of North Carolina Press, February 22, 1999. Rorty, Amà ©lie Oksenberg. The Directions of Aristotles Rhetoric. The Review of Metaphysics, Vol. 46, No. 1, JSTOR, September 1992.

Feminist Perspective on Eighteenth Century Literature Essay

Feminist Perspective on Eighteenth Century Literature Feminism during the eighteenth century has come to be defined by the literature of the time. Women, who did not have as many outlets as they do today, expressed their political opinions through literature itself. Although feminist texts existed before the end of the century, women writers in the final decade were seen as more threatening to the dominant patriarchal system. Following the overthrow of the government in France, women in Britain believed that a revolution in sentiments, manners, and moral opinions was possible in their own country (5). Writers such as Mary Wollstonecraft reacted to the conservative patriarchal society by [drawing] parallels between the domestic†¦show more content†¦Unlike men, women who sought political reformer were labeled as unsexed, meaning that it was unnatural for women as the frail or gentle sex to harbor brutal thoughts, to want to be the equals of men, or to meddle in politics, all of which make them perverse or unacceptable exampl es of their kind (4). During the reactionary decade of the 1790s, concerns normally thought to be private and domestic - womens education, their choice of husbands, female conduct, sexuality, and manners-became politicized as general topics of interest (14). The outspoken behavior regarding their position was seen as inappropriate for women. However, not all women addressed these topics with a radical perspective. Some women, who today would be considered a setback to the feminist movement, took a rather conservative approach. Womens literary history, in terms of feminism, can be broken down into three stages of development: the feminine phase, in which women internalize the male cultures assumptions about female nature; the feminist phase, in which women are able to dramatize the ordeals of wronged womanhood; and the female phase, when women turn... to female experience as the source of an autonomous art (14). Authors such as Jane West and Hannah More were considered part of the feminine stage, Jane Austen and Ann Radcliffe were associated with the feministShow MoreRelatedWomen s First Wave Of Feminism Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1960’s first wave of feminism in literature brought about the importance of understanding and studying Women’s History, and the reasons behind origins of the Feminist theory and the feminist movement and gender binaries. Newfound research pertaining to female History helps us to better understand modern social constructs and how they were established. Starting with the late eighteenth century, which marks the transition from pre-industrialization to the emergence of economic development in EuropeRead MoreWomen Writers: Restoration and 18th Century1392 Words   |  6 PagesWomen Writers: Restoration and 18th Century Ballaster, Ros, Seductive Forms: Women’s Amatory Fiction from 1684–1740, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992,; New York: Oxford University Press, 1992, Landry, Donna, The Muses of Resistance: Laboring-Class Women’s Poetry in Britain 1739–1796, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990 Myers, Sylvia Harcstark, The Bluestocking Circle: Friendship and the Life of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century England, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990; New York: OxfordRead MoreCritical Analysis of Romanticism1387 Words   |  6 PagesThis literature review will critically analyse a range of arguments and perspectives by literary critics and historians and their views will be pertinent to the study of Romanticism . Due to the scale of research in Romantic literature as a discipline, the main focus in this paper will concentrate primarily on two major paradigms in Romantic literature. These two aspects are referred to as Romantic nature and Romantic sublime. The paper will be organised and divided into twoRead MoreIn The Novel â€Å"Pride And Prejudice†, By Jane Austen, Elizabeth1306 Words   |  6 Pageswomen are more limited to social obligations. In Feminist criticism, the lens allows the reader to see how different races and genders are distinguished diff erently based on the time period and/or setting. While Pride and Prejudice is a novel about Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy’s underrated love story, by looking at it from a perspective of feminist criticism we are able to see a judgment of social obligation based on gender and understand the 18 century time period and the human experience. In a moreRead More Aphra Behn and the Changing Perspectives on Ian Watt’s The Rise of the Novel6049 Words   |  25 PagesAphra Behn and the Changing Perspectives on Ian Watt’s The Rise of the Novel Ian Watt’s The Rise of the Novel (1957) remains one of the most influential texts in the study of the English novel. However, an increasingly strong case for a revision of both the work itself and the discourse it personifies has been gradually building over the past twenty years. While the initial stages of, first, feminist and, later, post colonial perspectives may have sought only to insert marginalised texts intoRead MoreLiterary Issues In Jane Austens Pride And Prejudice842 Words   |  4 Pagesof the eighteenth century. In her book Pride and Prejudice, originally published in 1813, Jane faces society’s problems head on with her incredible use of literary elements like metaphors and satire, her wonderful use of setting to tell a story and her skillful use of point of view to portray the untold story of the eighteenth century societal problems. Jane uses her book, Pride and Prejudice to address the economic, political, feminist, sociological, and philosophical them es of the century throughRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesForgotten Voices Margarita Engle, a poet, and novelist, once said, â€Å"Marriage without love is just one more twisted form of slavery.† In the eighteenth century, marriage was the exit door of many women from their homes whether they believed in love and filled their hearts with hope, or had no choice, and they were sold to men as if they were cattle. In The Story of an Hour, Kate Chopin shows complex issues such as marriage, independence, symbols, and ironies. After hearing the news that Brently MallardRead MoreAmerican Literature in the Period between 1914-1945887 Words   |  4 Pagessteering America back to a prewar way of life. Writers were associated with high modernism, objectivist and confessional movement that emerged post World War II. There was a major change socially, politically and culturally emerging multicultural perspectives. The United States had many changes from World War I and II, the stock market crashing in the 1920’s, therefore leading to economic depression. This became an inspiration to many of the literary writers. Many writers such as Robert Frost SusanRead MoreThe Intersection Of Modernity And Gender1601 Words   |  7 Pagesmodernity. There have been evolving perspectives of the gender schema, influenced by the behavior and evolution of gender roles’ impact on society. Gender binary which is the differences between masculine and feminine that limits people from ranging over their specific role and gender specific approaches and roles in society. The intersection of modernity and gender arise from the result of thought and the changing realm of perspectives of humanity. Literature embodies what the society norms is orRead MoreFeminism: Womens Status in Higher Education1448 Words   |  6 Pageseliminating the social exclusion which results in â€Å"gender inequality, differentiation and beliefs in superiority of the male sex† (Johnston). Feminists seek to reform the accepted perception of women’s roles in society and concept of specific qualities attributed to men and women (1). Feminism progressed through three major waves throughout the nineteenth century (1). Feminism in America became prominent before the beginning of the First World War, advocating for women’s right to vote. Campaigns for

Is Egypt Afrocentric - 1072 Words

Ancient Egypt’s Afrocentricity Thesis: Due to geographic, cultural, and historic evidence, Egypt is an Afrocentric so studying it should be considered Afrocentric. However, due to social constructs and the colonization of Africa, many wrongly do not consider studying Egypt as Afrocentric. Abstract: Egypt, like all other African countries has an extensive history rich with a unique culture and belief system. Unfortunately, Ancient Egyptian culture and history is buried under a synthesized backdrop for what is European history. Though the nation was influence by many cultures over the years, Egypt must still hold onto its true origins by rediscovering and challenging it’s own history in order to reinvent it as an Afrocentric nation that†¦show more content†¦Despite Egyptians being brainwashed into believing they are not a part of Africa, it can be seen that they are as integrated as the other 53 countries that share its continent. This can be seen through Egypt’s language and archeology. Language is important because, though it is diverse throughout the world, if its origins can be traced, it can determine how a nation began. In the case of Egypt, â€Å"Egyptian is a member of the Afro-Asiatic family which originated in Africa and was not importe d from Asia or Europe†. When the complete history of Egypt is looked at, it can be seen that it is, in fact Afro-centric despite the influences from other countries. In relation to archaeology, it suggests that early Egyptian culture rose directly through indigenous Africans. Archaeologists have also found that crops from the other side of the Nile River were integrated into the lifestyle of early Egyptians. In short, despite how much Egyptians refuse to accept Afrocentism as describing them; there are clear details that can prove Egypt’s core is African, not European or Mediterranean influence. Geography and race also play a big part in Egypt recognizing itself as African. In contrast to â€Å"traditional contextualization of Egypt in the ‘Mediterranean’ or ‘Near Eastern’† geographically, Egypt is in Africa. So naturally, the people in the nation share physical characteristics with those around them, asShow MoreRelatedIs Studying Ancie nt Egypt in Its African Context Afrocentric?856 Words   |  4 PagesIs Studying Ancient Egypt in its African Context Afrocentric? Studying Ancient Egypt is African context can be definitively distinguished as Afrocentric. Evidence of this is given from Ancient Egypt’s geographical location, the Ancient Egyptian culture, and linguistics. What is currently known as afrocentrism is a cultural ideology first formed from the work of late nineteenth century and early twentieth century African-American intellectuals. Afrocentrism manifested into its current formRead MoreAfrocentrism Versus Eurocentrism Essay examples4480 Words   |  18 Pagesinfluence of Arab, European, and Asian peoples from that of indigenous African achievements. This worldview places focus on African civilizations that existed long before Greek and Roman civilizations such as Ancient Egypt, Nubia, and Meroitic civilizations. Afrocentrism and Afrocentric scholars use history as a way of teaching Africans worldwide their history and culture and reverse the Eurocentric history that has been taught to them which diminish the African presence, and contribution to worldRead MoreThe Disuniting of America Reflection on a Multicultural Society1284 Words   |  6 Pagesreconstruction of their history and hoped to gain self-esteem from it. However, radical b lack scholars created a lot of man-made black heroes in the history and even asked for an Afrocentric history. And some of them started another debate about if the European civilization is the product of African civilization which enters Europe through Egypt. No one would deny that the black had through the most tragic and terrible exclusion by the white immigrants. 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Richard Nixon Essay Example For Students

Richard Nixon Essay Richard Nixon Reconciliation was the first goal set by President Richard M. Nixon. The Nation was painfully divided, with turbulence in the cities and war overseas. During his Presidency, Nixon succeeded in ending American fighting in Viet Nam and improving relations with the U.S.S.R. and China. But the Watergate scandal brought fresh divisions to the country and ultimately led to his resignation. His election in 1968 had climaxed a career unusual on two counts: his early success and his comeback after being defeated for President in 1960 and for Governor of California in 1962. Born in California in 1913, Nixon had a brilliant record at Whittier College and Duke University Law School before beginning the practice of law. In 1940, he married Patricia Ryan; they had two daughters, Patricia (Tricia) and Julie. During World War II, Nixon served as a Navy lieutenant commander in the Pacific. On leaving the service, he was elected to Congress from his California district. In 1950, he won a Senate seat. Two years later, General Eisenhower selected Nixon, age 39, to be his running mate. As Vice President, Nixon took on major duties in the Eisenhower Administration. Nominated for President by acclamation in 1960, he lost by a narrow margin to John F. Kennedy. In 1968, he again won his partys nomination, and went on to defeat Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey and third-party candidate George C. Wallace. His accomplishments while in office included revenue sharing, the end of the draft, new anticrime laws, and a broad environmental program. As he had promised, he appointed Justices of conservative philosophy to the Supreme Court. One of the most dramatic events of his first term occurred in 1969, when American astronauts made the first moon landing. Some of his most acclaimed achievements came in his quest for world stability. During visits in 1972 to Beijing and Moscow, he reduced tensions with China and the U. S.S.R. His summit meetings with Russian leader Leonid I. Brezhnev produced a treaty to limit strategic nuclear weapons. In January 1973, he announced an accord with North Viet Nam to end American involvement in Indochina. In 1974, his Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, negotiated disengagement agreements between Israel and its opponents, Egypt and Syria. In his 1972 bid for office, Nixon defeated Democratic candidate George McGovern by one of the widest margins on record. Within a few months, his administration was embattled over the so-called Watergate scandal, stemming from a break-in at the offices of the Democratic National Committee during the 1972 campaign. The break-in was traced to officials of the Committee to Re-elect the President. A number of administration officials resigned; some were later convicted of offenses connected with efforts to cover up the affair. Nixon denied any personal involvement, but the courts forced him to yield tape recordings which indicated that he had, in fact, tried to divert the investigation. As a result of unrelated scandals in Maryland, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew resigned in 1973. Nixon nominated, and Congress approved, House Minority Leader Gerald R. Ford as Vice President. Faced with what seemed almost certain impeachment, Nixon announced on August 8, 1974, that he would resign the next day to begin that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America. In his last years, Nixon gained praise as an elder statesman. By the time of his death on April 22, 1994, he had written numerous books on his experiences in public life and on foreign policy.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder free essay sample

George F. Still, a physician in 1902 was credited as being one of the first authors who open light on the preliminary findings on ADHD. The earlier talk was on â€Å"defective moral control†. In the 1930s and 1940s Heinz Werner and Alfred Strauss were able to identify children who were hyperactive and distractible. With further medical findings, the children are later said to exhibit the symptoms of ADHD. After medicine, ADHD was considered a psychological problem.   Psychologists put strength into researching the cause and treatment for ADHD. They come up with treatment plan base on psychology – basically behavioral therapy (Adam James, 2004).. Psychological findings in ADHD address six basic problems encountered by sufferers and their families. There is a notable stress and anxiety resulting from struggles to meet life’s demands. There is a sense of low self-esteem, there is a feeling on incompetence, and there is also a characteristic feeling of grief over inability to meet up a task deadline – lack of in accomplishment. We will write a custom essay sample on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Furthermore, psychologists also research that ADHD patients have feelings of helplessness and lastly a poor social skills – not socially fit among colleagues. Psychologists explain that none of these problems are core symptoms of ADHD. Instead, they result from psychological deposit as a result of the medical condition of the ADHD itself. Psychotherapy tends to research on the development of behavioral skills that could help impact ease on the situations and further prevent co-morbidities – associated degeneration (Barkley, n.d).   There is a suggested guide on child development of organizational skills, time management skills. These are therapeutically essential to train the child as he matures. References Zametkin AJ, Liebenauer LL, Fitzgerald GA,, et al. Brain metabolism in teenagers with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry.. 1993 May 50;333(5) Adam James (2004) Clinical psychology publishes critique of ADHD diagnosis and use of medication on children published on Psychminded.co.uk Psychminded Ltd Barkley, Russel A.. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Nature, Course, Outcomes, and Co-morbidity.

Rainbows End - Belonging free essay sample

A Place is an essential part of belonging. Aboriginals believe that they do not own the land, that they are a part of it. However European settlement didn’t respect the Aboriginal culture and values. Despite constant issues between indigenous and non-indigenous land rights and owner ship the indigenous population still have a strong connect with land and thus, place. In ‘Rainbow’s End’ the Dear family live in a humpy on the river bank, which is prone to flooding. Despite the troubles with their home, Dolly is proud to be from the flats. I’m from the flats, not even one of those townie types of cross-over aboriginals†. This quote communicates how proud Dolly is of her Aboriginal culture and that she feels connected to it by where she lives. In ‘Redfern Now’, the representation about place is completely different. Clifton Grammar is a privileged private school, in North Sydney. We will write a custom essay sample on Rainbows End Belonging or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The school is a symbol of upper white class society. The school is often showed as a low angle shot, this highlights power and authority because the angles of the camera make the school seem larger. A completely different shot is used to show Joel in this very scene. After the low angle shot of the school, there is a high angle shot of Joel. High angle shots express a lack of power by making Joel look smaller, especially when compared to the intimidating school. This emphasises the substantial difference between the rich white private school and Joel’s aboriginal culture, as well as his life in Redfern. Family can provide the deepest form of belonging. The Dear family do not refer to home as a place, home is the connections that all three women share with each other and ancestral past. Dolly’s connection with her family is highlighted in the end of scene thirteen, act 1. Errol asks Dolly to move to the city with him, where he wants to have a future with her and spoil her. She refuse’s and Errol can’t understand why, she explains â€Å"But†¦ a real home? A real home is where there are people looking out for each other. † Unlike Errol Dolly is extremely close to her family and Errol fails to see that family is Dolly’s definition of belonging. The difference in Joel’s family opinion is massive. Joel’s mother wants him to fit in at Clifton Grammar because it is such as privilege to attend the school and the opportunities the school will provide will set Joel up for life. However Joel’s father wants Joel to stick to his aboriginal morals, therefore not standing up and signing the Australian national anthem during assembly. This is represented by costuming and dialog. Joel’s mother says â€Å"you look very handsome in your uniform – it suits you. † Compared to Joel’s father saying â€Å"You look good, you look deadly. If you were going to court. † Both these quotes are said while Joel is in his uniform, highlighting the difference of opinion. Dealing with the pressure from both parents, this puts Joel in an awkward position. The tension between parents is related to belonging and not belonging because only one parent will accept his decision, therefore the other will not feel as appreciated because Joel has rebelled against their beliefs and values. Nan Dear and Gladys represent a different form of community. Nan Dear represents the Indigenous community, believing that the substantial difference between Indigenous Australians and White Australians should remain. Unlike Gladys who wants both cultures to combined to make a society in which everyone is equal. Each character tries to manipulate Dolly into sharing their beliefs. Nan Dear reminds Dolly of want white people have done to the Aboriginal community â€Å"and hospital is where they take our babies away. † This quote scratches the surface of the issues of the stolen generation, therefore this quote creates an allusion of the historical problem. Unlike Nan Dear Gladys looks towards the future is a positive light. To help Dolly fit into the white community she tries to get her a job at the bank. While talking to the bank manager Gladys wears white gloves through the technique of costuming this expresses her trying to fit into the white community. Similarly, Joel becomes an outcast from the Redfern community because he is attending Clifton Grammar. This concept is captured through costuming. While Joel is walking to school he is joined by to boys that give him a hard time because of what he is wearing compared to their casual public school uniform. Even though Joel does no longer belong to the Redfern community, he doesn’t belong to the school community either. This is because he refuses to stand up and sign the Australian national anthem. This is similar to Gladys, this creates tension between belonging and not belonging because of the divided culture and race of indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. Each text demonstrates the importance of belonging and the reality of not belonging. Even though both texts are set in different decades the difference between Indigenous Australians and White Australians are extremely noticeable in both. All characters in ‘Rainbow’s End’ and ‘Redfern Now’ deal with tension between belonging and not belonging through place, family and community.

Film Review Essay Sample - How to Write a Film Review Essay

Film Review Essay Sample - How to Write a Film Review EssayIf you are wondering how to write a film review essay, then you have come to the right place. This article will give you some pointers on what to write, what to say, and what to make sure you include in your film review essay. Take some time to read through this article and get your movie reviews up to speed before you begin writing. Without reading through the guidelines you won't be able to write a good one.First of all, we need to start off by defining what a review essay is. It's basically any essay that has been written about a certain film. Some examples would be a movie review on a cartoon or any movie review where an entire film is covered in one paragraph. Review essays are usually done for entertainment purposes as well as to offer feedback on a particular film.Many of us do not really enjoy writing these kinds of essays. They can sometimes be very boring and also can seem like they are begging for people to read it . For this reason, I highly recommend hiring someone to edit your essay after you finish it. Editing and rewriting are a great way to make a big difference in the content of your essay.When it comes to writing a movie review essay, you need to think about what kind of person you are when it comes to the subject of this piece. There are different groups of people who write these kinds of essays. You can find writing samples on the internet, but they are not always good examples of how to write a film review essay. I suggest that you look for examples that you actually like the look of and then get the writer to read your essay and take notes for you.The next thing to remember is that you don't want to simply copy the whole layout of a movie review. In fact, it's fine if you want to come up with your own words but don't go overboard. Just make sure to put your name, but make sure that you don't outright copy it.Finally, I think it's important to mention that your review essay must mak e a specific point. There is no point in making a review essay that's supposed to be 'too positive' as this will just confuse readers and distract them from the main points of the essay. These points should make the reader remember why they enjoyed the film in the first place.I hope you found this film review essay sample useful. It's one of the best ways to approach a particular film and make sure you don't come across as being too negative or pessimistic.

Earth Day Origins

Earth Day Origins Earth Day is celebrated annually by millions of people worldwide, but how did Earth Day begin? When was the first Earth Day? This is a trickier question than you might think. There are actually two official Earth Day celebrations every year, and both got their start in the spring of 1970. The First Widespread Earth Day Celebration The Earth Day most often celebrated in the United States- and in many other countries around the world- first took place on April 22, 1970. It was a nationwide teach-in about the environment, dreamed up by U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson.  A Democrat from Wisconsin, Senator Nelson had been instrumental earlier in introducing conservation in John F. Kennedys presidency.  Gaylord Nelsons Earth Day was modeled on the anti-war teach-in demonstrations that Vietnam war protesters had used successfully to educate people about their issues. On the first Earth Day, more than 20 million people turned out at thousands of colleges, universities and communities all across America for an environmental teach-in day, which sparked a global environmental reawakening. More than half a billion people in 175 countries now celebrate Earth Day on April 22. The April 22 date was chosen for its fit within the American college calendar, before end-of-semester exams but when the weather is likely to be relatively pleasant nationwide. Conspiracy theorists relish the fact that April 22 is also the birthday of Vladimir Lenin, seeing in that choice more than the mere coincidence that it is. A Second Claim to First Earth Day Yet, it may surprise you to learn that April 22, 1970 was not the first Earth Day. A month earlier, San Francisco Mayor Joseph Alioto had issued the first-ever Earth Day proclamation on March 21, 1970. Mayor Aliotos action was inspired by John McConnell, a San Francisco publisher and peace activist, who a year earlier had attended the 1969 UNESCO Conference on the Environment where he proposed an international holiday focused on environmental stewardship and preservation. McConnell suggested that Earth Day coincide with the March equinox- the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere, March 20 or 21 depending on the year. It is a date filled with all the symbolism associated with spring, including hope and renewal. That is, until one remembers that south of the equator that date signifies the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. About a year later, on February 26, 1971, then-UN Secretary General U Thant supported McConnells proposal for an annual global Earth Day celebration at the March equinox, and issued a proclamation to make it official. Today, the United Nations rallies with Senator Nelsons plan and every year promotes an April 22nd celebration of what they call Mother Earth Day. Edited by Frederic Beaudry.

Religion and Politics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Religion and Politics - Research Paper Example The strife that exists between the Israelites and the Iranians, for example, are always involved in the conflict. Israel is a Christian country while Iran is Muslim. The two countries differ a lot in terms of how they are governed and that, sometimes, attracts conflicts. Religion has a significant effect on politics of any given society given that it plays an important role in shaping the concept of power and how it is exercised on people. Before delving deeper into the topic, it is critical that the paper defines the two concepts that the discussion will be revolving around. Religion is not new. It is stated that people started believing there was a deity or rather a force more powerful than the humans since the discovery of fire. It was believed that  fire was something of the gods, bringing about the concept of religion and consulting a deity. The main religions on the planet are Christina and Muslim, both of which share over half of the world’s population. Simply put, religion is a system of symbols that formulates conceptions on the general order of human existence (Wald & Calhoun-Brown 23). Politics, on the other hand, is a subject that is as old as history can itself be. People do not perform very well if they are not governed. More often than not, productivity is closely linked to the level of manning or rather supervision involved. In the case of people living in harmony, then that may not be possibl e if they do not have a higher authority governing what people should and should not do in regard to relating with each other. A brief definition of what politics means is that it entails the activities that are associated with the governance of a particular country. Religion and politics are part and parcel, and they are inseparable. The society is run by several important tenets most of which are determined by the governance of that society and the religion practiced by the people.

Cell phones and brain cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Cell phones and brain cancer - Research Paper Example That is nearly one in two people in the globe have a cell phone attached to their identity. This statistic makes it clear that cell phones have become inevitable to our lives. A link has been identified between some kinds of electromagnetic radiation and some cancers. These forms of electromagnetic radiation include â€Å"ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. They are dangerous because they may break covalent chemical bonds in your body. Breakage of certain covalent bonds in key molecules leads to an increased cancer risk.† (Leikind) It is claimed that Radio Frequency (RF) waves employed by cell phones are not in the same grouping as these harmful radiations. RF is a type of electromagnetic radiation that falls between â€Å"FM radio waves and those used in microwave ovens, satellite stations, and radar†. (Leikind) Those who defend the safety of cell phones point out that the device does not emit ionizing radiation, which has the potential to create chemical changes to molecules in the human body. In other words, in the absence of ionizing radiation, the human DNA will not be damaged by cell phone usage. It is argued that cell phones â€Å"emit nonionizing radiation, which has lower energy and a longer wavelength than ionizing radiation. Nonionizing radiation is not strong enough to change an atoms structure, but it can heat tissue. The Federal Communication Commission (FCC) places a limit on the amount of RF energy that can be absorbed from a cell phone into the users local tissues--the specific absorption rate (SAR)--at 1.6 watts per kilogram (W/kg).† (Liberatore 70) Hence, those cell phone devices that abide by FCC regulation on heat limit should be safe for usage. This is backed by recent research evidence as well, which suggest that short-term exposure to cell phones might cause no harm whatsoever. But in terms of long-term usage, results from a review of 18 studies on cell phone use of

Women in the American Revolution Essay Example for Free

Women in the American Revolution Essay As had been the pattern in Europe over the centuries, women in early America were not supposed to play any political role in society. Following the ideas and values brought here from the Old World, colonial leaders decided that womens main place was in the home, centered around conventional activities for example housework, cooking, cleaning, as well as childrearing. Besides taking care of the household, it was accepted; women could partake in some phases of the religious life of the community. However a sharp difference was drawn between religion and politics. When the question arose in early Massachusetts regarding possibly permitting all church members a political voice irrespective of their other status, Puritan minister John Cotton argued that merely independent adult men had the essential qualifications to act sensibly in the political sphere. Women and Servants, he said, are not reckoned â€Å"capable of voting in the choice of Magistrates, though they may be and are, church members. †1 Cotton and others felt that women may exercise some decision-making authority within the family, however in society at large men alone could be rulers. Certainly, not all men in early America had access to the political realm. As noted in Reverend Cottons remarks, bound servants were to be excluded. Furthermore, religious dissenters, white men without property and, certainly, black slaves were generally barred from any form of political participation. Members of these groups, along with women, had been conventionally looked upon as lacking the independence and personal qualities believed essential for becoming a voter or officeholder. Thus far women were obviously a special case, which is perhaps why it ultimately took longer for them to lawfully get political rights. Perhaps, too, it elucidates why in colonial times few theorists even measured the prospect of women having any sort of political role. In the second half of the 18th century, certain writers elaborated further as to why women did not belong in the political ground. A foremost advice book of the time, The Polite Lady, published in England however extensively read in America, stated that womens natural abilities were not equal to such a difficult task as politics. Female education, as currently conducted, said the author, was too slight and superficial to allow women to be competent judges of such matters. Just before the colonists stated their independence, Massachusetts lawyer and emerging statesman John Adams reiterated some of these views. Like the previous writer, Adams did not assert that women lacked any intellectual capacity. To a certain extent, he thought that they were unsuited both by temperament as well as training for such a worldly pursuit as politics. â€Å"Their delicacy, Adams insisted, renders them unfit for practice and experience in the great business of life, and hardly enterprises of war, as well as the arduous cares of state. Besides, their attention is so much engaged with the necessary nurture of their children, that nature has made them fittest for domestic cares. †2 Women in the Patriot Cause: These few instances of female participation despite, the foregoing criticism reveals the fact that women were not seen as having a justifiable place in the political community. The passage of time had brought much development to the colonies however none concerning any institutionalized political role for women. That women should have no business dealing with matters of state was an approach maintained not merely by notable men in America but as well among the great minds of the late 18th century European Enlightenment. Outside of the French philosopher Condorcet, no intellectual of the period seriously thought that women belonged in the public sphere. Though, the American Revolution would force as a minimum some rethinking of womens connection to the political realm here in the New World. Even though no formal context existed for women entering the civil polity, they would in several ways become attached to the movement looking for political independence from England. As historian Linda Kerber has noted, womens services turned out to be highly sought after either for the army or on the home front. Consequently, women were challenged to commit themselves politically and then validate their allegiance. In a little while the age-old question was raised: could a woman be a loyalist, an essentially political person, and, if so, what form would it take? The issue, as Kerber indicates, never achieved full resolution. However without doubt many women, at least for a time, went beyond their conventional roles and started engaging in some kinds of public activity.

sathf Satire of The Grangerfords and Pap :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Satire of The Grangerfords and Pap In Mark Twain’s novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the Grangerfords and Pap are two of the characters who are used by Twain to condemn civilized society. Twain employs satire to express his belief that â€Å"civilized† society is neither moral, ethical, nor civilized.   Exaggeration, stereotyping, and irony are used throughout the story to satirize and to expose the Grangerfords as the typical southern aristocrats and pap as the typical drunken â€Å"white trash.†      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After a ferryboat accident, Huck seems to lose his slave companion Jim after coming ashore. Huck then is introduced to Buck Grangerford (about the same age as Huck) and is allowed to stay in the Grangerford household. The Grangerford family consists of Buck, who is a young adventurous boy, Emmiline, a fourteen-year-old who was dead girl, Bob, Tom, Miss Charlotte, and Miss Sophia. The Grangerfords showed all the signs of being upper class by having an extremely nice house, acting properly, and each member of the family had their own servant. Eventually it becomes apparent to Huck that the Grangerfords are feuding with a neighboring household, the Sheperdsons; this seems to be the central angle Twain uses to satire.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The chapters dealing with the Grangerford and Sheperdson feud allow Twain to satire aspects of civilized culture. The main aspect he satirizes is the feud itself. The Grangerfords being the representatives of civilization, Twain reveals the senseless brutality and needless slaughter involved in their arbitrary concept of honor. For Twain, such a feud goes against his common sense and anything that violated his common sense was crazy. The feud has gone on so long hat the people don’t even know why they are fighting; yet, embedded in the feud are artificial concepts of civilized behavior. For Example, Mr. Grangerford tells Buck that he shouldn’t shoot from behind the bush but he should step out into the road to kill a Sheperdson. Also there is a sense of irony because why would such a civilized family be in a feud that they can’t remember the origin of. Another aspect of it is the Grangeford’s use of hypocrisy. The G rangerfords were â€Å"church goers† and in one sermon given by Mr. Grangerford he speaks of brotherly love, this while feuding with a family for a reason they don’t even remember.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pap, or Huck’s father, is an excellent example of Twain’s stereotyping, superior characterizations, and his irony. sathf Satire of The Grangerfords and Pap :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays Satire of The Grangerfords and Pap In Mark Twain’s novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the Grangerfords and Pap are two of the characters who are used by Twain to condemn civilized society. Twain employs satire to express his belief that â€Å"civilized† society is neither moral, ethical, nor civilized.   Exaggeration, stereotyping, and irony are used throughout the story to satirize and to expose the Grangerfords as the typical southern aristocrats and pap as the typical drunken â€Å"white trash.†      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After a ferryboat accident, Huck seems to lose his slave companion Jim after coming ashore. Huck then is introduced to Buck Grangerford (about the same age as Huck) and is allowed to stay in the Grangerford household. The Grangerford family consists of Buck, who is a young adventurous boy, Emmiline, a fourteen-year-old who was dead girl, Bob, Tom, Miss Charlotte, and Miss Sophia. The Grangerfords showed all the signs of being upper class by having an extremely nice house, acting properly, and each member of the family had their own servant. Eventually it becomes apparent to Huck that the Grangerfords are feuding with a neighboring household, the Sheperdsons; this seems to be the central angle Twain uses to satire.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The chapters dealing with the Grangerford and Sheperdson feud allow Twain to satire aspects of civilized culture. The main aspect he satirizes is the feud itself. The Grangerfords being the representatives of civilization, Twain reveals the senseless brutality and needless slaughter involved in their arbitrary concept of honor. For Twain, such a feud goes against his common sense and anything that violated his common sense was crazy. The feud has gone on so long hat the people don’t even know why they are fighting; yet, embedded in the feud are artificial concepts of civilized behavior. For Example, Mr. Grangerford tells Buck that he shouldn’t shoot from behind the bush but he should step out into the road to kill a Sheperdson. Also there is a sense of irony because why would such a civilized family be in a feud that they can’t remember the origin of. Another aspect of it is the Grangeford’s use of hypocrisy. The G rangerfords were â€Å"church goers† and in one sermon given by Mr. Grangerford he speaks of brotherly love, this while feuding with a family for a reason they don’t even remember.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pap, or Huck’s father, is an excellent example of Twain’s stereotyping, superior characterizations, and his irony.

Food Prices and Supply

Food Prices and Supply Kirk Condyles for The New York Times Updated: July 26, 2012 In the summer of 2012, scorching heat and the worst drought in nearly a half-century sent food prices up, spooking consumers and leading to worries about global food costs. On July 25, the United States government said it expected the record-breaking weather to drive up the price for groceries in 2013, including milk, beef, chicken and pork. The drought has affected 88 percent of the corn crop, a staple of processed foods and animal feed as well as the nation’s leading farm export.The government’s forecast, based on a consumer price index for food, estimated that prices would rise 4 to 5 percent for beef in 2013, with slightly lower increases for pork, eggs and dairy products. The drought comes along with heat. So far, 2012 is the hottest year ever recorded in the United States, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, whose records date to 1895. That has sapped t he production of corn, soybeans and other crops, afflicting poultry and livestock in turn.The impact of the hot and dry weather on the nation’s farmers has put new pressure on Congress to move ahead on a pending five-year farm bill. But House Republican leaders have been reluctant to act because of divisions within the party’s rank-and-file about the cost of the nearly $1 trillion bill. The legislation includes several federal agriculture programs that farmers have come to expect, though it does not include any specific drought assistance. Several important disaster relief programs expired at the end of 2011, leaving farmers and ranchers who have lost cattle or grazing land with few options without Congressional action.For now, analysts said they expected the broader economic impact of rising food prices to be modest. Americans spend just 13 percent of their household budgets on food. Economists fear a far greater impact outside of the United States because America is a major exporter of a broad variety of agricultural products. Experts Warn of a Global Spike in Food Prices In early September, agricultural experts  urged international action to prevent the global spike in food prices from causing global hunger.The directors of three major United Nations food and agriculture programs sounded the alarm both on the immediate problem of high food prices and the â€Å"long-term issue of how we produce, trade and consume food in an age of increasing population, demand and climate change. † Agricultural production fell in a number of major crop exporters during summer 2012. Besides damaging the corn crop in the United States, droughts also hit Russia and Ukraine, hurting the wheat harvest, as well as Brazil, affecting soybean production.Low yields have translated into high prices. In late August, the World Bank reported that food prices climbed 10 percent from June to July, with the price of both corn and wheat jumping 25 percent to records. So ybean prices climbed 17 percent over the same period, and rice prices declined moderately, the Washington-based institution said. The World Bank and the United Nations food agencies — along with other development and aid groups — have urged countries to prepare for what seems likely to become the third food price shock in five years.Low-income countries that rely on agricultural imports should invest in safety-net programs for the poor, they recommended. They also urged countries to bolster local production. Groups including the World Bank and the United Nations have also warned against trade protectionist policies in light of climbing food prices. International groups increasingly see inconsistent yields and drastic swings in food prices as a problem driven by climate change — and a global challenge that is not intermittent, but here to stay.Since the food crisis in 2007 and 2008, they have bolstered international cooperation to help foster more stable food sup plies and keep the most vulnerable countries prepared. Oxfam, the international nonprofit, issued a report in early September estimating how extreme weather events might affect food prices in the coming decades — forecasting that the prices of a number of food staples could surge far beyond the projected increases. The United Nations agencies warned that too few countries were producing too large a proportion of staple crops — leaving the world more vulnerable to droughts and floods.